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Desipramine HCl
Desipramine HCl is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) used to treat depression. It works by affecting the balance of neurotransmitters, particularly norepinephrine, in the brain, which helps improve mood and alleviate symptoms of depression. Desipramine is also sometimes used off-label for conditions such as chronic pain, anxiety disorders, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Desipramine to work?
It may take two to four weeks for desipramine to begin improving symptoms of depression. Full benefits may take up to eight weeks.
Can Desipramine be taken with food?
Yes, desipramine can be taken with or without food. If it causes stomach upset, taking it with food may help reduce this side effect.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Desipramine?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Is Desipramine safe for long-term use?
Desipramine can be used long-term for managing depression, but regular check-ups with your healthcare provider are recommended to monitor for any side effects or complications.
Can Desipramine cause weight gain?
Yes, weight gain is a common side effect of tricyclic antidepressants, including desipramine. Maintaining a healthy diet and regular exercise may help manage weight changes.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Desipramine HCl Work?
Desipramine works by inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and, to a lesser extent, serotonin in the brain, which increases their availability in the synaptic cleft. This helps enhance mood and alleviate depressive symptoms by improving communication between nerve cells in the brain.
What is Desipramine HCl Used For?
- Treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD)
Common Dosages
Desipramine HCl is available in the following strengths:
- 10 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg tablets.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- For depression, the typical starting dose is 100 mg daily, which can be gradually increased to a therapeutic dose of 100 to 300 mg per day, depending on individual response and tolerance.
- Doses are usually divided throughout the day or taken once at bedtime.
Off-Label Uses
- Chronic pain management
- Anxiety disorders
- ADHD
Who Shouldn't Take Desipramine HCl?
Desipramine should not be used in individuals with:
- Recent heart attack (myocardial infarction)
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
- Urinary retention
- Severe liver disease
- Known hypersensitivity to desipramine or other tricyclic antidepressants
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take desipramine exactly as prescribed. Do not stop taking the medication suddenly, as it may cause withdrawal symptoms such as nausea, headache, and irritability.
- Desipramine can make you feel drowsy, especially when starting treatment. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the drug affects you.
- Avoid alcohol while taking desipramine, as it can increase the risk of side effects like drowsiness and dizziness.
- Store desipramine at room temperature and protect it from moisture.
Side Effects of Desipramine HCl
Common Side Effects
- Dry mouth
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Constipation
- Weight gain
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
- Seizures
- Eye pain or vision changes
- Signs of an allergic reaction (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Desipramine HCl
Cardiovascular Risk: Desipramine can affect heart rhythm, especially at higher doses or in people with pre-existing heart conditions. Patients with heart disease should be closely monitored.
Suicidal Thoughts: Like other antidepressants, desipramine may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior, particularly in children, adolescents, and young adults. Close monitoring is recommended when starting treatment.
Serotonin Syndrome: Desipramine can contribute to serotonin syndrome when taken with other serotonergic drugs (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs). Symptoms include agitation, confusion, and muscle rigidity.
Interactions with Desipramine HCl
Common Drug Interactions
- MAO inhibitors: Concurrent use of MAO inhibitors with desipramine can lead to serious interactions, including hypertensive crises.
- SSRIs and SNRIs: These medications can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome when taken with desipramine.
- Anticholinergic drugs: Combining desipramine with anticholinergics can increase the risk of side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, and blurred vision.
Alternatives to Desipramine HCl
- Amitriptyline: Another tricyclic antidepressant used for depression and chronic pain.
- Nortriptyline: A similar TCA that may have fewer side effects than desipramine.
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): A newer class of antidepressants with a more favorable side effect profile.
- SNRIs (e.g., venlafaxine, duloxetine): Another class of antidepressants that target serotonin and norepinephrine.
