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Demser
Demser (generic name: metyrosine) is a medication used to treat pheochromocytoma, a rare tumor of the adrenal gland that causes excessive production of catecholamines (hormones such as adrenaline). By inhibiting catecholamine production, Demser helps to control symptoms like high blood pressure, rapid heart rate, and sweating that are associated with the tumor. It is typically used in preparation for surgery to remove the tumor or as a long-term treatment when surgery is not possible.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Demser to start working?
Demser starts to lower catecholamine levels within a few days to a week, but it may take several weeks to achieve full control of symptoms.
Can Demser be used long-term?
Yes, Demser can be used for long-term control of pheochromocytoma symptoms if surgery is not possible or the tumor cannot be completely removed.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Demser?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it's close to the next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose.
Is Demser safe during pregnancy?
The safety of Demser during pregnancy is not well established. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss the risks and benefits of using Demser with your doctor.
Can Demser cause low blood pressure?
Yes, Demser may cause hypotension (low blood pressure), especially when combined with other medications that lower blood pressure. Regular monitoring is recommended.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Demser Work?
Demser works by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, which is involved in the production of catecholamines (such as adrenaline and norepinephrine). By reducing the synthesis of these hormones, Demser helps manage the symptoms of pheochromocytoma, including high blood pressure and rapid heart rate.
Common Dosages
- Demser is available in 250 mg oral capsules.
Typical Dosing
- The typical starting dose for managing pheochromocytoma is 250 mg four times daily, gradually increased to a dose that reduces symptoms, usually ranging between 2 to 4 grams daily.
- The dose is adjusted based on the individual patient’s response and tolerance to the medication.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Pheochromocytoma (to manage symptoms and lower catecholamine levels)
- Before surgery to remove the pheochromocytoma tumor
- For long-term control of symptoms when surgery is not possible or if the tumor cannot be completely removed
Who Shouldn't Take Demser?
- Known hypersensitivity to metyrosine or any components of the formulation
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Demser exactly as prescribed, typically four times daily. Make sure to drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication, as it may cause drowsiness and increase the risk of kidney stones.
- Regular blood pressure and heart rate monitoring may be necessary to ensure the medication is working effectively.
- Demser should not be stopped abruptly, especially before surgery. Follow your doctor’s instructions closely.
Side Effects of Demser
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Dry mouth
- Extrapyramidal symptoms (tremors, muscle rigidity)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Kidney stones
- Confusion or mental cloudiness
- Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Risks and Warnings of Demser
- Kidney Stones: Long-term use of Demser can increase the risk of developing kidney stones. Ensure adequate hydration while on this medication.
- Drowsiness: Demser can cause significant drowsiness or sedation, so avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
Interactions with Demser
Common Drug Interactions
- CNS depressants: Combining Demser with other CNS depressants (such as sedatives or alcohol) can increase the risk of drowsiness or confusion.
- Blood pressure medications: Demser may lower blood pressure, so caution is needed when combining it with other antihypertensive drugs.
Alternatives to Demser
- Phenoxybenzamine: Another medication used to control the symptoms of pheochromocytoma by blocking the effects of catecholamines.
- Surgical removal: The primary treatment for pheochromocytoma is surgery, and medications like Demser are typically used in preparation for or after surgery.
