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Altafrin
Altafrin (phenylephrine ophthalmic) is a sympathomimetic agent used in ophthalmology to relieve eye redness and reduce eye irritation caused by dryness or minor irritants. It works by constricting blood vessels in the eyes, leading to a reduction in redness. Altafrin is commonly used in eye exams and surgical procedures to dilate the pupils (mydriasis) for better visibility during examinations.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Altafrin work for eye redness?
Altafrin typically begins working within minutes to reduce eye redness, with effects lasting several hours.
Can I use Altafrin while wearing contact lenses?
No, you should remove contact lenses before applying Altafrin. Wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them to avoid irritation.
How long does pupil dilation last after using Altafrin?
Pupil dilation caused by Altafrin may last for a few hours, during which time you may experience blurred vision and increased sensitivity to light.
Can Altafrin increase my blood pressure?
Yes, particularly the 10% solution of Altafrin can cause an increase in blood pressure, especially in individuals with cardiovascular conditions. Use with caution and under medical supervision.
What should I do if I accidentally use too much Altafrin?
If you experience any unusual symptoms, such as severe headache, dizziness, or palpitations after using Altafrin, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Altafrin Work?
Altafrin works by stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors in the eye, leading to vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels). This helps reduce eye redness and irritation. Additionally, it stimulates pupil dilation (mydriasis), allowing healthcare providers to perform more detailed eye examinations or surgical procedures.
Common Dosages
- Ophthalmic solution: 2.5% and 10% concentration
- Dosage depends on the intended use (redness relief or pupil dilation).
Typical Dosing
- For relieving eye redness, 1 to 2 drops of the 2.5% solution are applied to the affected eye(s) as needed.
- For pupil dilation during an eye exam or procedure, 1 drop of 2.5% or 10% solution is typically administered, with additional drops as needed for sustained dilation.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Reducing eye redness and minor irritation
- Inducing mydriasis (pupil dilation) during eye examinations or surgical procedures
Who Shouldn't Take Altafrin?
- Hypersensitivity to phenylephrine or any component of the formulation
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe hypertension or heart disease, particularly with the 10% solution
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Use Altafrin as directed by your healthcare provider, and avoid touching the dropper tip to your eye or any other surface to prevent contamination.
- If using Altafrin to relieve redness, do not use it for more than 72 hours consecutively, as prolonged use can cause rebound redness.
- If using Altafrin for pupil dilation, be aware that your vision may be temporarily blurred and light sensitivity may increase. Wearing sunglasses may help reduce discomfort.
- If you wear contact lenses, remove them before applying Altafrin and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them.
Side Effects of Altafrin
Common Side Effects
- Temporary burning or stinging of the eyes
- Blurred vision or light sensitivity after use for pupil dilation
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Increased eye pressure
- Palpitations or irregular heartbeat, especially with the 10% solution
- Severe hypertension (in patients with pre-existing heart conditions)
Risks and Warnings of Altafrin
- Increased intraocular pressure: Altafrin can increase eye pressure, which may be dangerous for patients with glaucoma. It should be used cautiously in these individuals.
- Systemic effects: Phenylephrine, especially in the 10% concentration, may cause systemic side effects such as increased blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, or nervousness, particularly in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease.
- Rebound redness: Prolonged use of Altafrin for eye redness may cause worsening redness once the drug wears off.
Interactions with Altafrin
Common Drug Interactions
- MAO inhibitors (MAOIs): Using Altafrin with MAOIs may cause a dangerous increase in blood pressure. Avoid concurrent use.
- Beta-blockers: Caution is advised when using Altafrin with beta-blockers, as they can alter the cardiovascular effects of the drug.
- Other sympathomimetics: Combining Altafrin with other drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system may increase the risk of side effects such as high blood pressure or palpitations.
Alternatives to Altafrin
- Visine (tetrahydrozoline): An over-the-counter eye drop used to relieve redness.
- Cyclopentolate: Another mydriatic agent used for pupil dilation during eye examinations.
- Artificial tears: For relief of eye irritation and dryness without the risk of rebound redness.
